This dataset integrates 10 key types of zoning data in China's physical geography field, covering ecological, agricultural, river basin, and regional dimensions: 1. 47 ecological function protection areas (including 5 function types such as water conservation and soil and water conservation); 2. Spatial distribution of forestry projects; 3. 9 major agricultural zoning (e.g., Northeast China Plain, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau); 4. 9 major river basin regions (Songhua-Liaohe River, Haihe River, etc.); 5. 6 comprehensive zoning; 6. 37 agricultural cropping system zoning (subdivided by crop maturity); 7. 38 agricultural natural zoning (divided into 6 temperature zones + 1 plateau climate zone based on accumulated temperature); 8. Distribution of three major regions (Eastern, Central, Western China); 9. Spatial scope of the Loess Plateau and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The data fully reflect the differentiation characteristics of China's physical geography and provide basic data support for ecological protection, agricultural layout, and river basin governance.