Coastal aquaculture ponds which are used for aquaculture and include dams in coastal areas, have expanded rapidly worldwide and play an important role in the global food security and socioeconomic development of coastal zones. However, the expansion of coastal aquaculture ponds has also caused serious environmental issues, such as natural habitat loss, water eutrophication, and ecosystem degradation. Therefore, an accurate and up-to-date coastal aquaculture pond dataset with a finer resolution is urgently needed for sustainable management and conservation of coastal ecosystems, especially since the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2015.