The rapid development of aquaculture has caused certain social and environmental problems. Periodically monitoring the distribution and dynamic changes of aquaculture in coastal areas is of great significance for environmental protection. In this study, we used 3 periods ( 1990, 2010, and 2020) of Landsat TM/OLI data in combination with Google Earth images and field research data, so as to obtain a dataset of aquaculture ponds in Hainan Island during 1990-2020. The overall classification accuracy of this dataset is over 95%. It can be used for analysis of temporal and spatial changes in aquaculture ponds, as well as decision-making support for the site selection, management and utilization of aquaculture ponds. It is expected to provide data support for the sustainable development of aquaculture and ecological environment monitoring in Hainan Province.