This dataset is derived from China's meteorological historical data, covering the national geographical scope, with historical data updated to 2022. The core indicators include six types of atmospheric pollutants: PM2.5, PM10, sulfur dioxide (SO₂), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), ozone (O₃), and carbon monoxide (CO). The dataset records the historical monitoring information of the above pollutants nationwide, which can be used to analyze the long-term spatiotemporal evolution law of atmospheric pollution and regional pollution characteristics, providing data support for atmospheric pollution control research and environmental management decisions.