Located in southern Hunan and adjacent to the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, Chenzhou is a region in Hunan Province characterized by significant population outflow. Population mobility in the area is driven by a complex interplay of labor migration, intra-provincial urban-rural migration, and seasonal tourism and cultural flows. Data types include time-series data such as population figures from censuses and annual statistics, as well as population-kilometer grids. This type of data can support the analysis and assessment of population outflow and aging trends, guide the allocation of public resources such as education, healthcare, and housing, and optimize industrial investment promotion and employment policies. In terms of sustainable urban development, by leveraging population mobility profiles to precisely accommodate industrial spillover from the Greater Bay Area, Chenzhou can improve urban carrying capacity planning, alleviate the pressure of continuous population outflow, balance the allocation of urban and rural resources, help establish a stable population development pattern, and promote the coordinated improvement of new-type urbanization and the cultural and tourism economy.